First Mortgage in Florida as an Immigrant or DACA Recipient: Step-by-Step Guide 2026

Buying your first home in the United States is one of the most significant financial milestones you can achieve, and many immigrants — with or without papers, with DACA or TPS — are doing it in Florida today. But the process varies significantly depending on your immigration status. This step-by-step guide explains what loan type you can use, what the real requirements are, and how to get started.

What loan type is available to me?

Permanent residency (green card): Full access to the mortgage system — conventional, FHA, USDA, and VA loans (if a veteran). Same requirements as a U.S. citizen.

DACA: Since January 2021, DACA recipients with a valid EAD and SSN can qualify for FHA loans — the most accessible loan for first-time buyers, with a minimum 3.5% down payment if your score is 580 or higher. Many private lenders also offer conventional loans to DACA recipients. Note: verify current status with a specialized loan officer, as policies can change.

TPS: With a valid TPS-issued EAD and SSN, you can often qualify for FHA and conventional loans. Look for lenders with TPS client experience.

Work visa (H-1B, L-1, O-1, etc.): Yes, you can buy with a work visa. Conventional lenders generally want at least one year remaining on the visa or a consistent renewal history.

ITIN (without work authorization): Access to ITIN loans through specialized lenders. Requires a higher down payment (15-20%), 2 years of tax returns, and a 620+ credit score. More demanding but fully achievable with preparation.

Universal requirements for any mortgage

Credit score: FHA from 580 (with 3.5% down) or 500 (with 10% down). Conventional generally 620+. ITIN loans: 620+. **Employment history:** Two years of steady employment is the standard. **Debt-to-income ratio (DTI):** All monthly debt payments plus the future mortgage payment should not exceed 43-50% of gross monthly income. **Down payment:** FHA from 3.5%. Conventional from 3% (with PMI) or 20% (without). ITIN loans 15-20%. **Tax history:** Two years of federal returns.

Step-by-step process

**Step 1 — Review and improve your credit (3-6 months before).** Get your free report at AnnualCreditReport.com. Dispute any errors immediately. Pay down debts near their limits. Avoid opening new credit lines.

**Step 2 — Save for down payment and closing costs.** Closing costs in Florida are typically 2-5% of the home price — between $7,000 and $17,500 on a $350,000 home, on top of the down payment.

**Step 3 — Get pre-approved.** Talk to a loan officer before looking at homes. Pre-approval tells you exactly what you can borrow and makes sellers take you seriously. For DACA: seek lenders with DACA borrower experience. For ITIN: look specifically for Non-QM lenders or community banks.

**Step 4 — Work with a Spanish-speaking real estate agent.** The buyer's agent is typically paid by the seller — you pay nothing out of pocket. A good agent knows neighborhoods, real prices, and local assistance programs.

**Step 5 — Offer, inspection, and closing.** With your pre-approval ready, when you find the right home you make an offer. Always pay for a professional inspection ($300-$500). Closing takes 30 to 45 days from offer acceptance.

Down payment assistance programs in Florida

Florida Housing Finance Corporation: First-time buyer assistance programs, some compatible with FHA for DACA recipients and ITIN loans. **Hometown Heroes:** Up to $35,000 for teachers, nurses, firefighters, police, and other essential workers in Florida. **County-level programs:** Miami-Dade, Broward, Orange, and Hillsborough have active programs. Check your county's official website.

Most common mistakes

Looking at homes before getting pre-approved. Opening new credit cards during the mortgage process. Not budgeting for real homeownership costs: insurance, property taxes, repairs. Choosing a lender without experience with your specific immigration status.

Connect with Atton Finance

At Atton Finance we connect you with bilingual loan officers and real estate agents experienced with first-time buyers on DACA, TPS, work visas, or ITIN in Florida. Start your free Master Plan and our team will evaluate your specific situation.

*This article is for informational and educational purposes only. It does not constitute legal or financial advice. Programs and requirements may change. Consult a certified professional for your specific situation.*